Preah Vihear, located in Cambodia’s far north, is a province rich in history, natural beauty, and cultural significance. Named after the world-renowned Prasat Preah Vihear Temple, the province offers a unique combination of ancient heritage, remote forest landscapes, and tranquil communities. While still developing in terms of infrastructure, Preah Vihear draws visitors seeking off-the-beaten-path experiences and access to some of the Angkorian era’s most important architectural sites.
The provincial capital is Tbeng Meanchey, a modest town primarily serving as a transit point for those heading to Preah Vihear Temple, Koh Ker, or Preah Khan—three of Cambodia’s most significant historic complexes.
Geography and Landscape
Covering an area of 13,788 square kilometers, Preah Vihear shares international borders with Thailand and Laos to the north, and provincial borders with Stung Treng to the east, Oddar Meanchey and Siem Reap to the west, and Kampong Thom to the south. The province features expansive forests, rolling hills, and dramatic escarpments, most notably the Dângrêk Mountains, from which the Preah Vihear temple offers sweeping views across Cambodia and Thailand.
These landscapes are home to lush jungle, hilly terrains, and scrub vegetation, making the province a natural retreat for those interested in wildlife, trekking, and cultural exploration.
Key Attractions
The Preah Vihear Temple, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is the province’s most iconic landmark. Perched atop a cliff in the Dângrêk Mountains, it offers not only architectural brilliance but also panoramic views of the surrounding countryside.
Another major site is Koh Ker, the 10th-century capital of the Khmer Empire, located within driving distance from Siem Reap. The pyramid-like Prasat Thom and dozens of lesser-known temples scattered throughout the area reflect the architectural experimentation of its era.
Preah Khan of Kampong Svay, one of the largest temple complexes built during the Angkor period, is another significant heritage site in the province. Though remote and requiring a long journey to access, it rewards visitors with its sheer scale and hidden beauty.
Population
As of 2007, Preah Vihear had a population of approximately 160,551 people, accounting for around 1.1% of Cambodia’s total population. The gender distribution is nearly balanced, with 81,318 males and 78,233 females. The population density is low, at 11.64 people per square kilometer, reflecting the province’s expansive natural areas and limited urban development.
Climate
Preah Vihear experiences a typical tropical monsoon climate, characterized by a warm and humid atmosphere throughout the year. The climate supports agriculture and eco-tourism, although remote areas can become less accessible during the rainy season.
Seasonal Overview:
- Cool Season: November to March (22°C – 28°C)
- Hot Season: March to May (27°C – 35°C)
- Rainy Season: May to October (24°C – 32°C, humidity up to 90%)
The average annual temperature is about 27°C, with December and January being the coolest months and April typically the hottest.
Economy
The economy of Preah Vihear is primarily agricultural, with around 85% of the population engaged in farming. Fishing and cross-border trade with Thailand also play a growing role, particularly in border districts. Rubber, cassava, and rice are among the key crops cultivated in the region.
Due to its extensive forests, the province has faced challenges related to unsustainable logging, although efforts are underway to promote conservation and responsible land use. Various NGOs, along with support from the Cambodian government and international partners, are working on development initiatives focused on infrastructure improvement, community livelihoods, and sustainable tourism.
Infrastructure and Development
Preah Vihear remains one of the more remote provinces in Cambodia, with limited paved roads and public transport options. However, there are ongoing government plans to enhance road access to heritage sites and develop eco-tourism infrastructure in a sustainable manner.
Traveling to certain temples and rural areas still requires 4WD vehicles or motorbike taxis, especially during the rainy season. Despite the challenges, visitors who make the journey are rewarded with unspoiled landscapes, authentic local experiences, and unique archaeological discoveries.
Preah Vihear is a province of timeless significance, offering a rare combination of ancient Khmer heritage, breathtaking natural beauty, and quiet rural life. Though its infrastructure is still evolving, its cultural and environmental assets make it a compelling destination for explorers, historians, and nature lovers. As development initiatives continue, Preah Vihear is poised to become an increasingly important province in Cambodia’s cultural and tourism landscape.
