Introduction
Kampong Cham, the third-largest city in Cambodia and the capital of its namesake province, is a key economic and transportation hub in the country’s east. Located just 123 kilometers from Phnom Penh along the banks of the Mekong River, the city serves as a strategic gateway to northeastern provinces such as Kratie, Mondulkiri, Ratanakiri, and Stung Treng. Easily accessible via a well-maintained highway or riverboat, Kampong Cham blends colonial charm, traditional culture, and agricultural productivity in one dynamic setting.
Geography and Location
Kampong Cham Province is situated in eastern Cambodia, bordered by Kratie to the northeast, Vietnam to the east, Prey Veng to the south, Kampong Chhnang to the west, and Kampong Thom to the northwest. The Mekong River runs the length of the province, providing both a vital water source and a transportation route.
The province is divided into 16 districts, 173 communes, and 1,748 villages. Its capital town stretches lazily along the riverbank, offering scenic views, riverside cafes, and historic landmarks. The region is also known for its forests of rubber plantations, a legacy of French colonial investment, and for its crossroads location linking lowland Cambodia to the highland provinces.
City and Culture
Kampong Cham town features tree-lined boulevards, colonial-era buildings, local markets, and religious landmarks. The mix of old and new can be seen in the construction of new temples beside ancient ruins, and in ferry boats and bridges working side by side to connect both banks of the Mekong.
Although not heavily developed or commercialized, Kampong Cham retains a charming local character. Its streets are active in the mornings with riverside commerce, and its people are known for being welcoming and open to visitors. The city’s relaxed pace, historical significance, and strategic location make it a popular stopover for both domestic and international travelers heading eastward.
Population
As of 2007, Kampong Cham Province had a population of approximately 1,914,152 people, with 928,504 males and 985,648 females. This places it among the most populous provinces in Cambodia. The population is spread across both urban centers and rural areas, with many residents engaged in agriculture and trade.
The capital city of Kampong Cham lies just over two hours by road or about 2.5 hours by river from Phnom Penh, making it an easily accessible and frequently visited destination.
Climate
Kampong Cham experiences a typical tropical monsoon climate, with high humidity and seasonal rainfall that supports both farming and lush vegetation.
Seasonal Overview:
- Cool Season: November – March (17°C – 27°C)
- Hot Season: March – May (28°C – 36°C)
- Rainy Season: May – October (27°C – 35°C, humidity up to 90%)
The average temperature is approximately 27°C, making it suitable for year-round travel and agriculture.
Economy
Kampong Cham’s economy is heavily agricultural, supported by the region’s fertile red soil and ample water supply. The province is a major producer of rubber, with both Kampong Cham and neighboring Kratie promoting foreign investment in rubber plantations through favorable land concessions.
In addition to rubber, the local economy thrives on:
- Cashew nut cultivation
- Rice farming and fishing
- Fruit orchards producing durian, rambutan, and lychee
The combination of agricultural output, transportation access, and geographic proximity to Phnom Penh and Vietnam supports a growing trade sector, with increasing opportunities for economic development.
Kampong Cham is a province of historic significance, agricultural richness, and strategic location. With its mix of colonial legacy, riverside charm, and emerging infrastructure, it continues to play an essential role in Cambodia’s regional connectivity. Whether you’re passing through to explore the highlands or stopping for a deeper look into traditional Cambodian life, Kampong Cham offers a welcoming and culturally vibrant experience along the banks of the Mekong.
